Fairfax County vs Virginia Beach City Building Permit Fees (2026)
Side-by-side residential building permit fee comparison between Fairfax County (Northern Virginia DMV-NOVA anchor, FIPS 51059, population 1.15M) and Virginia Beach City (largest Virginia independent city, Hampton Roads anchor, FIPS 51810). Fairfax uses a 3% percentage-of-construction-value formula for most residential project types, with a 50% plan review surcharge and the 2% Virginia state levy on the combined building permit + plan review subtotal. Virginia Beach uses three structurally different formulas published on the same Residential Permit Fees PDF (rev. Jul-2025): heated additions at $50 + $7 per 100 sq ft, non-heated additions and decks at $50 + $4 per 100 sq ft, and residential alterations at $50 + $5 per $1,000 of declared construction value. Virginia Beach adds $100 plan review (or $25 counter review for projects up to 500 sq ft and 5 plan-set pages), a $10 technology fee, and the 2% Virginia state levy on the building permit fee only. Virginia Beach wins essentially every residential project type at typical residential values - Fairfax's 3% rate scales without a cap, while Virginia Beach's sq-ft pricing for decks and additions and low value-based rate for alterations keep fees structurally lower across nearly every scenario.
This comparison covers: Residential building permit fees in Fairfax County, Virginia and Virginia Beach City, Virginia, for the most common project types - decks, heated additions, in-ground swimming pools, residential alterations (kitchen and bathroom remodels), and new single-family detached construction. Both jurisdictions are verified from official .gov sources. Fairfax source: Appendix Q Land Development Services Fee Schedule (FY2025, effective July 1, 2024). Virginia Beach source: Residential Permit Fees PDF (footer revision date Jul-2025) on planning.virginiabeach.gov.
This comparison does NOT cover: Trade permits (electrical, plumbing, mechanical) - filed separately in both jurisdictions and itemized per amperage tier, fixture count, or zone count in Fairfax; not separately itemized in the Virginia Beach Residential Permit Fees summary. Fairfax electrical permits tier from $341 (0-149 amp) to $633 (800+ amp); plumbing from $340 (1-5 fixtures) to $780 (31+ fixtures); mechanical from $135 (1 zone) to $660 (5+ zones). Each trade permit also pays its own 2% Virginia state levy. Virginia Beach Certificate of Occupancy ($75), re-inspection fee ($75), right-of-way fee ($35), and work-without-permit administrative fee ($250) are excluded from typical-project totals. Zoning approvals, HOA architectural review, RPA review, and contractor labor/material costs are excluded from both jurisdictions.
What makes this comparison meaningful: Two structurally different Virginia pricing models. Fairfax's percentage-of-value approach scales linearly with project cost - a $5,000 deck and a $50,000 deck pay 10x different fees. Virginia Beach's sq-ft pricing for decks and additions and low value-based rate for alterations keep fees structurally lower across nearly every typical residential scenario. Combined with Virginia Beach's $25 counter review option for projects up to 500 sq ft, the per-project savings can be substantial. Virginia Beach also offers a 3-day online review turnaround for initial filings, faster than typical Fairfax timelines for similar scopes. Fairfax's structural advantage is on very small new SFD construction (under approximately 760 sq ft) where the $0.143/sq ft new construction rate falls below Virginia Beach's $50 + $7/100 sq ft formula.
Source verification: Fairfax's Appendix Q is current FY2025, effective July 1, 2024 through June 30, 2025 (renewed FY2026 expected July 1, 2025); verified March 15, 2026 against the PDF on fairfaxcounty.gov/landdevelopment. Virginia Beach's Residential Permit Fees PDF carries a footer revision date "rev. Jul-2025"; verified April 24, 2026 via Playwright authenticated fetch from the S3 bucket virginia-beach-departments-docs and decoded for pdfplumber extraction.
For a 200 sq ft deck at $15,000 declared value, Virginia Beach's $94.16 sq-ft-based fee crushes Fairfax's $688.50 by $594.34. For a $30,000 kitchen alteration, Virginia Beach's $314.00 beats Fairfax's $1,377 by $1,063. For a 500 sq ft heated family-room addition at $80,000 declared, Virginia Beach's $121.70 (with $25 counter review) destroys Fairfax's $3,672 by $3,550.30. For a $30,000 in-ground pool, Virginia Beach's $314 beats Fairfax's $413.10 by $99.10. For a 2,000 sq ft / $400,000 new SFD home, Virginia Beach's $303.80 beats Fairfax's $437.58 by $133.78. Virginia Beach is the structurally cheapest verified Virginia jurisdiction for nearly every residential project type at typical homeowner values.
- Decks: Virginia Beach's $50 + $4 per 100 sq ft formula is dramatically cheaper than Fairfax's 3% of declared value. A 200 sq ft deck at $15,000 declared: VB = $58 building + $25 counter PR + $10 tech + $1.16 levy = $94.16 vs Fairfax = $450 + $225 + $13.50 = $688.50. VB saves $594.34. The structural reason: Fairfax's 3% rate × 1.5 PR × 1.02 levy yields an effective 4.59% effective rate on declared value, while VB's sq-ft pricing is essentially flat at typical deck sizes.
- Kitchen and bath alterations: Virginia Beach's $50 + $5 per $1,000 of declared value formula handles alterations as a low-rate (0.5%) value-based fee. Fairfax's 3% of value drives huge spread at typical alteration values. $30k kitchen alteration: VB $314 vs Fairfax $1,377, VB saves $1,063. $50k bathroom alteration: VB $414 vs Fairfax $2,295, VB saves $1,881.
- Heated additions: Virginia Beach's $50 + $7 per 100 sq ft is essentially sq-ft pricing for new heated construction; Fairfax's 3% of value scales linearly with project cost. 500 sq ft addition at $80k declared: VB = $85 + $25 counter PR + $10 + $1.70 = $121.70 vs Fairfax = $3,672. VB saves $3,550.30. Even a 2,000 sq ft heated addition at $300k declared: VB = $190 + $100 PR (over 500 sq ft, no counter) + $10 + $3.80 = $303.80 vs Fairfax = $9,000 + $4,500 + $270 = $13,770. VB saves $13,466.20.
- In-ground pools: Both jurisdictions use value-based or flat pricing but with different rates. Fairfax: flat $270 building permit + $135 PR + $8.10 levy = $413.10. VB: alteration formula $50 + $5/$1k x $30k = $200 building + $100 PR + $10 + $4 = $314.00. VB saves $99.10 on a $30k pool. The gap narrows for very small pools (below ~$5k declared) where Fairfax's flat $270 rate becomes the cheaper option in absolute terms, but typical residential pools start at $25,000+ where VB always wins.
- New single-family detached construction: The single category where Fairfax can win - and only at very small home sizes. Fairfax uses sq-ft pricing by construction type ($0.143/sq ft VA/VB wood frame + 50% PR + 2% levy). VB uses heated formula. At 800 sq ft: VB = $50 + $56 = $106 building + $100 + $10 + $2.12 = $218.12 vs Fairfax = $114.40 + $57.20 + $3.43 = $175.03 - Fairfax wins by $43.09. Above approximately 1,114 sq ft, VB wins on new SFD too. At 2,000 sq ft: VB $303.80 vs Fairfax $437.58, VB saves $133.78.
- Counter-review savings in VB: Virginia Beach offers a $25 counter review option for additions, alterations, accessory structures up to 500 sq ft and 5 plan-set pages, plus any size uncovered deck or alteration. The $75 savings vs full $100 plan review applies to almost every typical residential deck and small-addition scenario in this comparison. Fairfax has no equivalent reduced-review pricing.
- Decision rule: Pick Virginia Beach if you can. Virginia Beach is structurally the cheapest verified VA jurisdiction at any value above approximately $4,000 declared for alterations, any deck at any typical residential value, any pool at $25k+ declared, and any addition over approximately 800 sq ft of heated space. Pick Fairfax only for very small new SFD construction (under 1,114 sq ft, where sq-ft pricing falls below VB's heated formula). These are different metros (NOVA vs Hampton Roads), so the comparison is most useful for relocation cost research and regional-contractor scope estimating.
- Source caveats: Fairfax's FY2025 schedule is dated July 1, 2024 (Appendix Q renewed annually). Virginia Beach's Residential Permit Fees PDF carries the rev. Jul-2025 footer - the current published rate sheet on planning.virginiabeach.gov as of April 24, 2026. Both jurisdictions adjust fees periodically; confirm rates with the building department before filing.
Side-by-Side Math - Five Worked Examples
Each scenario uses identical project parameters (declared construction value, project size, complexity) to isolate the structural difference between Fairfax's percentage-of-value formula and Virginia Beach's sq-ft / value-based hybrid. All-in totals include the building permit fee, plan review (Fairfax 50% surcharge or VB $100 full / $25 counter), Virginia Beach's $10 technology fee, and the 2% Virginia state levy. Trade permits (electrical, plumbing, mechanical) are excluded from both columns.
Project: 10 x 20 foot pressure-treated wood deck attached to back of dwelling, 36 inches above grade, $15,000 contractor scope.
Fairfax County (deck = 3% formula):
- Building permit (3% of $15,000): $450.00
- Plan review (50% of $450): $225.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $675: $13.50
- Fairfax all-in: $688.50
Virginia Beach (deck = sq-ft formula, counter review eligible):
- Building permit ($50 base + 200 sq ft / 100 x $4): $58.00
- Counter plan review (any-size uncovered deck): $25.00
- Technology fee: $10.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $58: $1.16
- VB all-in: $94.16
Virginia Beach saves $594.34 on this $15,000 deck.
Project: Full kitchen remodel with new circuit for island, plumbing relocation, cabinet replacement, countertops. $30,000 contractor scope, interior alteration scope, no footprint change.
Fairfax County (alteration = 3% formula):
- Building permit (3% of $30,000): $900.00
- Plan review (50% of $900): $450.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $1,350: $27.00
- Fairfax all-in: $1,377.00
Virginia Beach (alteration = $50 + $5/$1k formula):
- Building permit ($50 + 30 x $5): $200.00
- Full plan review (kitchen scope, $100): $100.00
- Technology fee: $10.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $200: $4.00
- VB all-in: $314.00
Virginia Beach saves $1,063.00 on this kitchen alteration. Separate electrical and plumbing trade permits excluded from both totals.
Project: 16 x 32 foot fiberglass in-ground pool, standard residential scope, $30,000 contractor scope. Pool barrier permitted separately or via existing code-compliant fence.
Fairfax County (flat-fee pool + 50% PR):
- Building permit (flat in-ground pool): $270.00
- Plan review (50% of $270): $135.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $405: $8.10
- Fairfax all-in: $413.10
Virginia Beach (pool = alteration formula $50 + $5/$1k):
- Building permit ($50 + 30 x $5): $200.00
- Full plan review (pool scope, $100): $100.00
- Technology fee: $10.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $200: $4.00
- VB all-in: $314.00
Virginia Beach saves $99.10 on this $30,000 pool. Pool barrier and trade permits (electrical pool grounding, plumbing fill/drain) excluded from both totals.
Project: 20 x 25 foot heated family room addition with HVAC tie-in, $80,000 contractor scope. Counter-review eligible in VB (under 500 sq ft, plan set under 5 pages).
Fairfax County (addition = 3% formula):
- Building permit (3% of $80,000): $2,400.00
- Plan review (50% of $2,400): $1,200.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $3,600: $72.00
- Fairfax all-in: $3,672.00
Virginia Beach (heated addition = $50 + $7/100 sq ft, counter review):
- Building permit ($50 + 500 sq ft / 100 x $7): $85.00
- Counter plan review (up to 500 sq ft, 5 pages): $25.00
- Technology fee: $10.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $85: $1.70
- VB all-in: $121.70
Virginia Beach saves $3,550.30 on this 500 sq ft addition. The Fairfax 3% formula amplifies cost as declared value rises; Virginia Beach's sq-ft pricing is effectively decoupled from declared value.
Note: counter review in VB is contingent on plan set being 5 pages or fewer and the work area being 500 sq ft or under. Larger plan sets or work areas use the full $100 plan review.
Project: New 2-story single-family detached residence, 2,000 sq ft, wood frame construction (VA/VB type), $400,000 contractor scope.
Fairfax County (new construction = $0.143/sq ft + 50% PR + 2% levy):
- Building permit (2,000 sq ft x $0.143): $286.00
- Plan review (50% of $286): $143.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $429: $8.58
- Fairfax all-in: $437.58
Virginia Beach (heated new construction = $50 + $7/100 sq ft, full PR over 500 sq ft):
- Building permit ($50 + 2,000 sq ft / 100 x $7): $190.00
- Full plan review (over 500 sq ft, no counter): $100.00
- Technology fee: $10.00
- 2% Virginia state levy on $190: $3.80
- VB all-in: $303.80
Virginia Beach saves $133.78 on this 2,000 sq ft home. Below approximately 1,114 sq ft, Fairfax's lower $0.143/sq ft rate actually beats VB's $50 + $7/100 sq ft formula - so very small new SFD construction favors Fairfax (the only category and value range where Fairfax wins).
Decision Rule - Which Jurisdiction Wins by Project Type
Picking between Fairfax County and Virginia Beach is rarely a relocation decision (these are different metros: NOVA vs Hampton Roads, approximately 200 miles apart). The pattern below summarizes which jurisdiction wins by project type for relocation cost research, regional contractor scope estimating, and project planning context.
| Project Type | Fairfax Method | VB Method | Winner |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deck (any size/value) | 3% of value + 50% PR + 2% levy | $50 + $4/100 sq ft + $25 counter + $10 + 2% | Virginia Beach |
| Kitchen / bath alteration (any value) | 3% of value + 50% PR + 2% levy | $50 + $5/$1k + $100 PR + $10 + 2% | Virginia Beach |
| In-ground pool ($25k+) | $270 flat + 50% PR + 2% levy = $413.10 | $50 + $5/$1k of value + $100 PR + $10 + 2% | Virginia Beach |
| In-ground pool (under $5k) | $270 flat + $135 PR + $8.10 levy = $413.10 (size-independent) | $50 + $5/$1k formula | Virginia Beach |
| Heated addition (any size) | 3% of value + 50% PR + 2% levy | $50 + $7/100 sq ft + PR + $10 + 2% | Virginia Beach |
| New SFD under 1,114 sq ft | $0.143/sq ft + 50% PR + 2% levy | $50 + $7/100 sq ft + $100 + $10 + 2% | Fairfax |
| New SFD over 1,114 sq ft | $0.143/sq ft scales | $50 + $7/100 sq ft scales | Virginia Beach |
| Shed 256 sq ft or under (no utilities) | EXEMPT (no permit) | Not separately published; verify scope | Fairfax (exempt) |
| Shed over 256 sq ft (with electrical) | 3% of value + 50% PR + 2% levy | Accessory under alteration formula + PR | Virginia Beach |
| Demolition | 3% of value + 50% PR + 2% levy | Not itemized on residential summary - verify with department | Verify VB scope |
"Counter review" in VB applies to additions/alterations/accessory structures up to 500 sq ft work area and 5-page plan set, plus any-size uncovered decks. The $75 savings vs full $100 PR is significant for projects that qualify. Demolition fee is not itemized on the VB Residential Permit Fees PDF; verify with Permits and Inspections Division at (757) 385-4211 before filing.
Fee Structure Comparison - Side by Side
The structural difference between Fairfax and Virginia Beach isn't just the rates - it's the entire approach to permit pricing. The table below documents the pricing levers each jurisdiction uses.
| Fee Component | Fairfax County, VA | Virginia Beach City, VA |
|---|---|---|
| Pricing model (residential) | 3% of declared value (alteration, deck, addition, pool, shed, demolition) | Sq-ft (decks, additions), value-based (alterations, pools), flat (some specialty) |
| Deck pricing | 3% of declared value, $72 min | $50 base + $4 per 100 sq ft (uncovered deck formula) |
| Alteration pricing | 3% of declared value, $72 min | $50 base + $5 per $1,000 of declared value |
| Heated addition pricing | 3% of declared value, $72 min | $50 base + $7 per 100 sq ft (heated formula) |
| New construction | $0.143-$0.270 per sq ft by construction type | $50 + $7 per 100 sq ft (same as heated addition) |
| Plan review | 50% of building permit fee | $100 full, or $25 counter (up to 500 sq ft / 5 pages, plus any size uncovered deck) |
| Technology fee | None published | $10 flat per permit (non-refundable) |
| State levy base | 2% on building permit + plan review subtotal | 2% on building permit fee only |
| In-ground pool | $270 flat + 50% PR + 2% levy = $413.10 | $50 + $5/$1k alteration formula |
| Minimum permit fee | $72 building permit ($110.16 all-in) | $50 base fee built into formulas |
| Online portal | PLUS (plus.fairfaxcounty.gov) | Accela Citizen Access (CVB) |
| Online review turnaround | Not published; typical 2-4 weeks | 3 days initial; 3 days revision (published) |
| Source verification date | March 15, 2026 | April 24, 2026 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Sources
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Appendix Q - Land Development Services Fee Schedule (FY2025) Effective July 1, 2024 - Fairfax County Land Development Services - Primary source for the 3% residential percentage-of-construction-value formula, $72 minimum, 50% plan review surcharge, electrical/plumbing/mechanical trade tier schedules - Verified March 15, 2026 against the PDF on fairfaxcounty.gov/landdevelopment Verified
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Residential Building Permits - City of Virginia Beach rev. Jul-2025 PDF on planning.virginiabeach.gov - City of Virginia Beach Planning Department, Permits and Inspections Division - Primary source for the heated formula ($50 + $7/100 sq ft), deck/non-heated formula ($50 + $4/100 sq ft), alteration formula ($50 + $5/$1,000), plan review tiers (full $100 / counter $25), technology fee ($10), and 2% state levy application - Verified April 24, 2026 via Playwright authenticated fetch from S3 bucket virginia-beach-departments-docs Verified
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Code of Virginia Section 36-139 - USBC State Levy Authority Current - Virginia General Assembly - Authorizing statute for the statewide 2% building permit surcharge applied in both Fairfax and Virginia Beach
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